The Semiconductor industry continues to expand its influence across nearly every technology sector, from consumer electronics and cloud computing to automotive systems and industrial automation. At the core of this expansion is VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration), a discipline that transforms complex ideas into functional and manufacturable silicon. As competition https://greenboardmanufacturerinh98642.bmswiki.com/5837880/understanding_the_physical_design_perspective_in_modern_vlsi_education